Classification thiab nomenclature ntawm carbon fibers

Tam sim no, cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm carbon fiber muaj xws li peb pawg: polyacrylonitrile raws li asphalt, thiab nplaum raws li. Txhua pawg tau muab faib ua ntau yam vim muaj ntau hom raw fibers, txheej txheem, thiab kawg carbon fiber zog. Lub sij hawm "carbon fiber" yog lub ntsiab lus sib sau ua ke rau ntau hom carbon fibers, yog li kev faib thiab npe tseem ceeb heev.
Nyob rau xyoo 1970s, International Union ntawm Kev Tshawb Fawb thiab Kev Siv Tshuaj Chemistry (IUPAC) tau tsim cov kev cai rau kev faib thiab npe ntawm carbon fibers. Ua ntej, PAN (polyacrylonitrile), MP (mesophase asphalt), thiab VS (adhesive) yog siv los sawv cev rau qeb ntawm carbon fibers. Tom qab ntawd, cov tsiaj ntawv me me yog siv los sawv cev rau kev kho cua sov, xws li lht (sawv cev rau kev kho cua sov hauv qab 1400 degree) thiab hht (kev kho cua sov siab tshaj 2000 degree). Tom qab ntawd, cov cim kev ua haujlwm tau ntxiv (xws li HT rau lub zog siab, HM siab modulus, SHT ultra siab zog, HTHS siab zog thiab siab strain, IM nruab nrab modulus, thiab UHM ultra siab modulus, thiab lwm yam). Nws tseem tau taw qhia tias polyacrylonitrile raws li, nplaum raws li, thiab cov suab zoo tib yam raws li carbon fibers yog txhua yam nyuaj rau graphitize polymer carbon, thaum mesophase pitch raws carbon fibers thiab vapor zus carbon fibers yog yooj yim rau graphitize carbon.
Ntawm Lub Rooj Sib Tham Thoob Ntiaj Teb thib peb ntawm Carbon Fibers (London, 1985), nws tau thov kom faib cov pa roj carbon fibers rau hauv 5 qib hauv qab no raws li lawv cov khoom siv tshuab.
Ultra High Hom Magnitude (UHM): modulus saum 395Gpa;
High hom magnitude (HM): modulus ntawm 310 thiab 395GPa;
Nruab nrab modulus theem (IM): modulus ntawm 255 thiab 310 GPa;
Ultra High Strength (UHT): Lub zog siab tshaj 3.5Gpa,
Modulus hauv qab 255GPa;
Qib siab zog (HT): Lub zog nce mus txog 3.5Gpa.
Ob txoj kev muab qhab nia muaj qhov tsis txaus. Niaj hnub no, kev faib tawm ntawm cov khoom siv roj carbon fiber ntau yog qhia los ntawm cov tuam txhab lawv tus kheej: hom fiber ntau, tus naj npawb ntawm cov fiber ntau pores, txoj kab uas hla, txoj kev npaj (xws li parallelism, entanglement, twisting, thiab lwm yam), seb puas muaj kev kho deg. (thiab nws hom), seb puas muaj sizing (thiab hom sizing tus neeg sawv cev), thiab lwm yam. Qee qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom lag luam npe thiab cov khoom tuaj yeem pom hauv polyacrylonitrile raws li carbon fibers thiab asphalt raws li carbon fibers.